PSIR PYQs

Explain the Philosophical approach to the study of Political theory.

Provide a comparative analysis of the behavioural and institutional approach to the study of political theory.

Elucidate the meaning inherent in the term political with appropriate illustration.

Behavioral approach to Political Science.

Normative approach in Political Science.

Decline of political theory.

Eurocentrism is both the target and the motive force of post-colonial political theory. Discuss.

'Credo of Relevance' in post-behaviouralism advocates the importance of action science. Analyze.

Systems Approach.

Cultural Relativism.

'Revolution in Permanence'.

Discuss the significance of a normative approach to Political theory.

Resurgence of political theory.

Decline of Political Theory.

The Post Behavioural Approach.

Discuss David Easton's model of systems analysis.

"... political theory is not an escape mechanism but an arduous calling." (John Plamanetz)

What is the Marxist and liberal approach towards the state? On what grounds are the theoretical differences between them premised? Explain

Pluralist theory of State.

Examine the liberal theory of State in contemporary politics.

Feminist critique of the State.

Post colonial theory of the state.

Pluralist theory of the State.

Critically examine the neo-liberal theory of State.

"Nothing against the State, nothing over it, nothing beyond it." — Mussolini

Neo-liberal perspective of state.

Discuss Feminist theory of the State.

Examine the challenges to sovereignty of the State in the contemporary world.

Examine the conception of the State in the ideologies of Fascism and Marxism.

Explain how Rawls used the liberal and egalitarian perspective to develop his concept of distributive justice.

Rawls' idea of the 'liberal self' is too individualistic. Explain, in this context, the communitarian critique of Rawls' theory of justice.

Examine the entitlement theory of justice.

How has Rawls enriched the idea of justice in liberalism?

Make a comparative assessment of the Greek perspective of Justice with the Rawlsian concept of Justice.

Examine communitarian perspectives on justice.

Analyze John Rawls justification of discrimination to achieve the goals of Justice.

Distributive Justice.

Rawls' theory of justice is both contractual and distributive. Examine.

Critically examine John Rawl's argument for democratic equality.

'Difference Principle' in Rawls' Theory of Justice.

Explicate the conception of justice in the critiques of communitarian theorists.

"Original position."

Write a note on the relation between equality and liberty from the multi-cultural perspective.

The nature of the relationship between equality of democratic citizenship and liberty of citizens is influenced by economic equality. Comment.

Affirmative Action Policies draw as much strong criticism as strong support. Analyze this statement in the context of equality.

"Equality of estates causes equality of power, and equality of power is liberty." Comment.

Equality of outcome as a political idea.

Affirmative action.

Equality of opportunity.

Equality means fair treatment rather than equal treatment. Comment.

Affirmative Action.

How is liberty a precondition for equality? Explicate the relationship between equality and liberty.

The debate on human rights is caught between the limitations of both universalism and cultural relativism. Comment.

Multicultural perspective on rights.

Human Rights are complex and contested social practice that organizes relations between individuals, society and the State. Comment.

Can there be a universal conception of human rights? Give your arguments.

Assess the significance of right to property in political theory.

Discuss the doctrine of 'rights as trumps'.

What do you understand about three generations of Human Rights?

What do you understand about Multiculturalism? Discuss Bhikhu Parekh's view on Multiculturalism.

"The implementation of human rights is regarded as a matter of changing the conduct of States." Comment.

Idea of Natural Rights.

Analyze the relationship between natural rights and human rights.

Explain briefly the elite theory of democracy.

Deliberative democracy seeks to promote democratic decision making about public issues among the citizens. Discuss.

Success of contemporary democracies lies in the State limiting its own power. Explain.

'Elitist theory of democracy denies the possibility of democracy as 'rule of the people'. Elucidate.

"Free and fair deliberation is key to the foundation of democracy." Explain.

Deliberative democracy.

Critically examine Macpherson's views on Democracy.

Substantive Democracy.

Deliberative democracy does not have its salience without participation and participatory democracy does not have its credence without deliberations. Comment.

Explicate the features of Representative Democracy.

Difference between Participatory and Deliberative Democracy.

Explicate the features of deliberative democracy.

Explain Macpherson's view on power.

Do you think that legitimacy acquired by consent or manufactured by indoctrination is an essential element in the maintenance of political rule? Justify your answer with relevant examples.

Linkage between Power and Hegemony.

Legitimacy adds positive value to political authority and obligation. Discuss.

Foucault's concept of power.

Bases of Power.

"Political ideology is primarily concerned with the allocation and utilization of power." Comment.

Tools of legitimation of the State.

Examine the nature and meaning of power.

End of Ideology debate.

Explain the relationship between power, authority and legitimacy.

Write a brief note on The End of History debate.

Distinguish between Power and Authority.

Discuss the 'crisis of legitimacy' in capitalist societies (Habermas).

Examine the conditions that are required for the maintenance of legitimacy in modern societies.

Mention the difference between Italian and German brands of fascism.

Karl Popper presents a defence of the open society against its enemies. Elaborate.

Explain how the slogan 'the personal is political' addresses the issue of women's oppression and discrimination.

Marxism is a political theory of action demanding strict compliance with its core principles. Comment.

Decline of Liberalism.

Fascism displays an ambivalent stance towards parliamentary democracy. Explain.

Factors like community, culture and nation weaken the hegemony of neoliberalism today. Discuss.

Explicate the ideological components of Gandhism.

Liberalism as a revolutionary idea.

What is the contemporary relevance of Marxism?

Compare negative and positive concepts of liberty.

Distinguish between liberal feminism and radical feminism.

Define Socialism. Discuss the salient features of Fabian Socialism.

Postmodernism.

"The Political ideology of Globalization is Neoliberalism." Comment.

Discuss the key features of pre-marxist socialist theory.

Discuss the relationship between base and superstructure in Marxist theory.

Comment on the view that socialism in the 21st century may be reborn as anti-capitalism.

Discuss the communitarian critique of liberalism.

"Personal is political."

Explain Berlin's notion of value pluralism.

"State does the greatest harm to mankind by destroying individuality, which lies at the root of all progress." — Mahatma Gandhi. Elucidate.

Manabendra Nath Roy's political thought highlighted the humanistic aspects of Marxism. Discuss.

Dharmashastra presents a duty-centric worldview for individuals and communities. Comment.

Sri Aurobindo's idea of Swaraj has deep significance in Indian social, political and cultural history. Analyze.

Buddhist thought on Dhamma facilitates the emancipation of political action. Explain.

Dr. Ambedkar's idea of social justice leads to egalitarian justice as compared to Rawls' 'justice as fairness' which aims at the notion of 'pure procedural justice'. Comment.

Do you think that the Buddhist traditions have lent a greater ethical foundation to ancient Indian political thought? Give your arguments.

"When a nation becomes devoid of arts and learning, it invites poverty." (Sir Syed Ahmad Khan). Assess the role of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as a reformer in modern India.

Explain the sources of ancient Indian political thought.

Explicate the ideological components of Gandhism.

Ambedkar's ideas on constitutionalism.

Discuss Kautilya's views on the elements of the State.

M. K. Gandhi's concept of Swaraj.

Discuss Ambedkar's ideas on 'annihilation of caste'.

Political democracy could not last unless social democracy lay at its base. — B.R. Ambedkar. Comment.

What do you understand by the notion of Statecraft? Discuss the theory of statecraft as given by Kautilya.

According to Sri Aurobindo, Swaraj is a necessary condition for India to accomplish its destined goal.

Examine Gandhi's critique of Modernisation.

Discuss Sri Aurobindo's views on Cultural Nationalism.

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar's idea of state socialism.

Compare and contrast the views of Kautilya and Machiavelli on Statecraft.

Gandhi's Views on State.

Evaluate the contributions of Buddhist tradition to Indian political thought.

"Nationalism is not a mere political programme but a way of life like religion." (Aurobindo Ghose).

Sri Aurobindo's 'idea of freedom'.

Syed Ahmed Khan as modernizer.

Analyze as per Kautilya, the Saptanga theory of the state.

Examine the significance of Dharma in Ancient Indian political thought.

Examine Ambedkar's critique of Marxism.

Hannah Arendt analysed a few categories of vita activa. Explain.

The foundational base of western democracy has been shaped by Locke's ideas of constitutionalism, freedom, and property. Elucidate.

Critically examine Plato's theory of Forms.

Locke's views on Revolution.

State of Nature as State of War (Hobbes).

"The legal subordination of one sex to another is wrong in itself, and now one of the chief hindrances to human development." (J. S. Mill). Comment.

Locke's Social Contract.

Individualism is inherent in Hobbes' absolutist ideology. Comment.

Explain the Aristotelian view of politics. To what extent do you think it has contributed to the development of modern-day constitutional democracies?

J. S. Mill's ideas on women suffrage.

Marx's concept of 'alienation' is an essential part of the reality in capitalism. Explain.

Discuss Karl Marx's concept of class.

Trace the evolution of Western Political Thought of ancient to contemporary period.

Machiavelli's secularism.

Representative democracy means the people and a body must be able to control the general direction of government policy. (J. S. Mill). Comment.

Explain Aristotle's critique of Plato's Idealism.

Critically examine Hannah Arendt's conceptual triad of labor, work and action.

According to Gramsci, hegemony is primarily based on the organization of consent.

John Locke is the father of liberalism. Explain.

Critically examine Machiavelli's views on religion and politics.

John Stuart Mill is a "reluctant democrat". — C. L. Wayper.

Hobbesian notion of Political Obligation.

Everywhere, inequality is a cause of revolution — Aristotle. Comment.

Differentiate between Freedom and Liberty. Discuss Marx's notion of freedom.

Discuss Hannah Arendt's analysis of the role of Ideology in modern totalitarian regimes.

"How would I and my fellow human beings behave if we were to find ourselves in a state of nature..." (Thomas Hobbes)

Explain Marx's understanding of Human Essence and Alienation.

Gramsci's concept of Hegemony.

Aristotle's Conception of Equality.

"Plato was an enemy of open society." (Popper). Comment.

Discuss Gramsci's notion of 'organic intellectuals'.

"All silencing of discussion is an assumption of infallibility." (J. S. Mill)

"Power is never the property of an individual; it belongs to a group and remains in existence only so long as the group keeps together." (Hannah Arendt)

Explain how Machiavelli's application of empirical method to human affairs marks an important stage in the evolution of political science.

Central to Aristotle's political thought is his classification of the different types of political constitutions in Politics. Evaluate.

"Covenants without swords are but words and of no strength to secure a man at all." (Hobbes)

Discuss in what sense Marx's understanding of state can be considered as materialistic.

Comment on the Assertion of Laslett that Filmer and not Hobbes was the main antagonist of Locke.

Explain as per Gramsci the distinction between hegemony and domination.

Explain briefly the role of Peasant Movements after 1857 and before independence.

Write a note on the Dalit perspective of the Indian National Movement.

Discuss the contribution of the Dalit struggle to establish egalitarianism in Indian society during the freedom movement.

Satyagraha and Indian Nationalism.

Dr. Ambedkar's clarion call, 'Educate, Agitate and Organize', strategizes the Dalit movement towards achieving civil liberty. Discuss.

Analyze the workers' movement in India in the pre-independence period.

Analyze the Marxist perspective of the nature of Indian National Movement.

Role of socialist in Indian National Movement.

Trace the role of militant and revolutionary movements in the Indian National Movement.

Dalit perspective on Indian National Movement. Discuss.

National movement in India was anti-imperialist and increasingly radical in its socio-economic and political programmes. Discuss.

Revolt of 1857 is a 'Sepoy Mutiny' or 'First War of Independence'.

The success of Mahatma Gandhi lay in transforming both political and non-political movements into a unified nationalist movement.

Differentiate Moderate Nationalism from Extremist-Militant Nationalism in terms of their objectives and means.

Critically examine the Radical Humanist perspective on Indian National Movement.

Satyagraha as a Strategy in the Indian National Movement.

Explain how peasant movements promoted nationalist ideas during the struggle for Indian Independence.

Marxist understanding of India's freedom movement.

Objective Resolution of the Constituent Assembly.

Constitutional morality in the Indian Constitution.

The Constitution of India is the cornerstone of a nation (Granville Austin). Analyze.

Imprint of the British Constitution on the Indian Constitution.

The making of the Indian Constitution is described as an attempt towards 'social revolution'. Comment.

"The Constitution makers faced the great task of forging a common national identity in the face of unparalleled social and cultural diversity in India." Comment.

"The Constitution of India is a product of a historical process, rich with constitutional antecedents." Comment.

Indian constitution makers' concerns on social inequality.

Unity and integrity of India was perhaps the single uppermost factor in the minds of the Constitution makers. Comment.

The Indian Constitution is a 'Lawyers' Paradise' — Ivor Jennings.

Secularism in the Indian Constitution.

How far do you agree that the Directive Principles of State Policy are more fundamental than the Fundamental Rights in meeting socio-economic justice as mentioned in the Preamble of the Constitution?

Legal remedies in Part III of the Constitution of India.

The main goal of the Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution is to generate civic responsibility among the citizens. Explain.

The Doctrine of Basic Structure of the Constitution has enhanced the power of judicial review of the Supreme Court. Examine.

The Preamble of the Indian Constitution reflects itself as a social contract. Elucidate.

"Constitutionally reconciling the fundamental Rights with the Directive Principles of State Policy has led to frequent amendments of the Constitution and judicial interventions." Comment.

Mention the founding principles that define India's Constitution.

Underline the significance of the first constitutional amendment.

Right to constitutional remedies in India.

Comment on the relevance of the Directive Principles of State Policy in an era of liberalization and globalisation.

"The basic structure doctrine is implicit in the Indian Constitution, the Supreme Court has only given it an explicit form." Comment.

The right to privacy is an intrinsic part of the right to life.

Discuss the Right to Information and underline challenges being posed before it.

Article 368 does not enable Parliament to alter the basic structure or framework of the Constitution.

The purpose of the 42nd Constitutional Amendment was to make the economic and social democracy explicitly visible.

Discuss the efficacy of judicial review in India.

99th Amendment of the Indian Constitution.

In the light of neo-economic policies adopted since 1991, examine the relevance of the term 'socialist' in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.

Discuss the 'Right to Education' and the concerns raised by it.

Increasingly higher focus on Directive Principles of State Policy.

What are the provisions for constitutional protection of the right to freedom of religion and how far have they succeeded in promoting secularism in India?

Examine the significance of the verdicts of the Supreme Court in the Golaknath and Keshavananda Bharati cases for an understanding of the scope of Article 368 in regard to Fundamental Rights.

Analyze the significance of Article 32 of the Indian Constitution.

Significance of the Preamble.

Parliamentary committees are indispensable to the legislative process. It provides the opportunity for cross-pollination between the two chambers of Parliament. Discuss.

Examine the constitutional provisions and nature of advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India. Evaluate your answer with relevant examples.

Relevance of the Legislative Council.

Do you agree that over the years the Supreme Court has become a forum for policy evolution? Justify your answer.

The Speaker represents the freedom and dignity of the House. Examine.

Legislative council is a house without any effective powers. Comment.

The role of the President of India becomes more significant during a minority government and a coalition government. Explain.

Examine the evolution of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India as a constitutional court.

Judicial overreach in India.

Has the thrust of the government tilted towards the executive in contemporary Indian Politics? Give your arguments.

The Prime Minister's Office (PMO) has emerged as the most powerful institution in India. Discuss.

Whether judicial activism has undermined or strengthened Parliamentary Democracy in India? Discuss.

Do the lieutenant Governors have more powers than the governors of the state? Explain.

Differentiate parliamentary supremacy from parliamentary sovereignty. Would you consider the Indian Parliament as a Sovereign Parliament? Examine.

How is the President of India elected? Outline the salient characteristics of the electoral college of the Indian President.

Judiciary has acquired the role of both a legislature and an executive in recent years. Examine with suitable examples.

Critically examine the role of Governor in recent times.

Critically analyze the discretionary powers granted to the Governor by the Indian Constitution.

Examine the debates on the appointment procedure of judges to the higher judiciary in India.

"India has thrown up a form of judicial democracy that has no parallel anywhere else, and has nurtured a kind of civil society that is uniquely its own." (Bhikhu Parekh)

Examine the role of the Supreme Court as the final interpreter of the Indian Constitution.

Decline of Indian Parliament.

Enunciate the impediments to women's participation in local governance in the process of political decentralisation.

Gram Sabha in the Panchayati Raj system is a forum which gives expression to the collective wisdom, aspirations and the will of the people. Comment.

Functions of the District Planning Committee.

Discuss the major provisions of the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act. Do you think that the Act remains an unfulfilled dream? Argue your case.

Examine the unique features of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment. Do you think this Amendment would contribute in achieving the goal of empowerment of marginalized sections of the society?

"The Panchayats with Gram Sabhas should be so organized as to identify the resources locally available for the development in agricultural and industrial sectors." Examine the statement in the context of Gram Swaraj.

Do you think that despite having significant limitations the Panchayati Raj Institutions have strengthened the process of democratic decentralization? Give your views.

To what extent have 73rd and 74th amendments of the Indian Constitution enhanced women's empowerment?

Political decentralization has not been matched by administrative decentralization at the grass roots level. Explain.

Examine the provisions of Panchayat Extension Services Act (PESA), 1996.

New Panchayat Raj is an effective instrument for women empowerment.

Has the 73rd Constitutional Amendment empowered women in panchayats in India? Discuss.

The goal of good governance will be achieved only by strengthening the grass root level democracy.

Examine the role of Panchayati Raj Institutions and Urban Local Bodies in deepening democracy in India.

Explain how the participation of women impacted the functioning of rural local bodies in India.

Examine the changing structure of Panchayati Raj institutions with special reference to the 73rd Constitution Amendment Act.

How far has the National Human Rights Commission been successful in achieving its objectives? Comment.

There is a debate on the procedure for the appointment of the Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners to the Election Commission of India. Analyze its various aspects.

Explain the structure and functions of the National Commission for Women.

National Commission for Minorities.

How does NITI Aayog as a 'policy think tank with shared vision' visualize the reorganization of planning in India? Justify your answer.

How far is the National Commission for Backward Classes an empowered body? Assess its role in the context of rising demand for backwardness among dominant communities.

Discuss the policy initiatives of the Fourteenth Finance Commission aimed towards promoting and strengthening agricultural development in India.

The success of electoral democracy can partly be attributed to the status and role of the Election Commission of India. Explain.

Examine the role and functioning of the Election Commission of India and the Comptroller and Auditor General in the last two decades.

Discuss, in brief, the role of the National Commission for women. Do you think it is a toothless organization?

The Comptroller and Auditor General of India enhances the accountability of the Government and serves as the watchdog of the finances of the Government. Explain.

Analyze the arguments in favor and against the lateral entry into higher civil services in India.

Examine the role of the National commission for Minorities in preserving, promoting and protecting the rights of minorities in India.

Examine the objective and role of the National Human Rights Commission.

Structure and Function of NITI Aayog.

Discuss the working of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes to curb violence against Dalits.

The role of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India in promoting good governance.

Delineate the key factors that have shaped the evolving political landscape in Jammu and Kashmir post-2019.

The recent developments in Indian Politics have not eroded the true spirit of federalism in India. Critically examine this statement with the help of appropriate examples.

Does the actual working of Indian federalism conform to the centralizing tendencies in Indian polity? Give reasons for your answer.

Discuss the composition and functions of the Inter-State Council. To what extent has this body been successful in achieving its objectives?

Do you think that there has been a gradual shift in the basis on which the demands for the creation of new States have been raised in different regions of India? Explain.

Does the functioning of federalism in India tend to make it appear as a unitary state in practice?

Mechanism for settling Inter-State disputes.

Despite constitutional mandate the Inter-State Council has not come of age. Discuss.

Discuss asymmetrical federalism in India.

Implementation of GST and NEET is a major challenge to Indian federalism.

The Indian federation has moved from cooperative federation to competitive federation.

The philosophy and administration of the distribution of powers between Centre and State is required to be re-assessed.

Identify the contested areas in Centre-State relations in India.

Cooperative Federalism in India.

"Cooperative federalism produces a strong central, or general government, yet it does not necessarily result in weak provincial governments..." (Granville Austin). Examine the uniqueness of Indian federalism.

Land reform programmes led to some constitutional amendments. Comment.

With reference to the Nehruvian perspective of planning and economic development, examine how the early phase of economic planning in India has laid the foundation of modern India's economic growth.

The blueprint of Gram Swaraj is the key to understanding the Gandhian perspective on planning. Discuss.

The legacy of the Planning Commission still has a bearing on India's development policies. Discuss.

What explains India's modest improvements in social development outcomes even as the rate of growth has accelerated since the initiation of economic reforms?

Liberalization of the Indian Economy has not been accompanied with adequate reforms. Comment.

What has been the political fallout of the Green Revolution in India? Explain.

Examine the various causes of the agrarian crisis in India.

What do you understand about the Green Revolution? Do you think that a Second Green Revolution is needed to adequately address the agrarian challenges in contemporary India? Examine.

Land reforms have failed in the eradication of rural poverty. Comment.

Critically examine the politics of Economic growth in India.

Compare the Nehruvian and Gandhian models of development.

Gandhian perspective of development and its contemporary relevance.

Caste remains a vital axis for political mobilisation in India. How would the caste census address the aspirations of people? Discuss.

"Relative deprivation is a major source of ethnic conflict." Elaborate the statement with relevant examples.

The rise of caste politics is to be attributed to both regional aspirations and electoral manifestations. Comment.

Ethnicity is the underlying cause which poses a great challenge in the resolution of the problems in the North-East region of India. Comment.

Explain how caste as a social category is also becoming a political category in the democratic politics of India.

Examine the role of religion in Indian Electoral Politics in contemporary times.

Critically examine the ethnic conflicts in North-East India.

Religion is still an important factor in Indian politics. Discuss.

Comment on the emergence of Backward classes in the Indian Politics.

"Identity politics has trumped development politics in India." Comment.

Relation between ethnicity and democracy in India.

Explain the phenomenon of ethnic politics in India in recent times.

The decision to conduct the Population Census-2027 has reopened the debate on delimitation in India. Discuss its various aspects.

Illustrate with examples how political parties in India have played a crucial role in drawing the historically disadvantaged groups into the mainstream political system.

Critically assess the role of pressure groups in the decision-making process of the government.

The decade 1989-1999 has created an epochal shift in the Indian party system at the national level. Identify the major national trends in the party system during this era.

Electoral behavior of voters is governed more by the social and economic factors than the political factors. Explain.

How far is it correct that the regional parties have strengthened Indian democracy and the federal system? Substantiate your answer with suitable examples.

The Indian party system is shaped by a complex interaction of the country's federal structure, electoral system and social cleavages. Explain.

To what extent has the inadequate intra-party democracy affected the functioning of Indian Democracy?

The changing socio-economic profile of our legislators does not augur well for the health of Indian democracy. Comment.

Development has overshadowed the influence of caste in electoral behavior in recent elections. Discuss.

Explain the increasing role of regional political parties in national politics.

Political personalities are more significant than political parties in India.

India has moved from 'one-party dominant system' to 'one-party led coalition'. Discuss.

Discuss the pattern of Political Parties from one dominant party system to coalition politics in national politics.

Account for the rise of regional political parties and assess their role in contemporary India.

Marginalization of the left ideology in India.

Discuss the nature of reforms of the electoral process in India and explain the further scope for reforms.

Explain how pressure groups have been influencing public policy-making with suitable illustrations.

Account for the changes in the socio-economic profile of legislators during last one decade in India.

Explain to what extent the concept of "one-party dominance" (W.H.Morris/Jones) model is relevant in Indian policy today.

Analyze the position of the Prime Minister of India in a coalition regime.

Discuss the role of environmental movements in shaping the environmental governance in India.

Women's role in anti-arrack movement.

Environmentalism of the poor.

High concentration of economic activities and consumption patterns in the post liberalization period has led to the failure of environmental movements in India. Elucidate.

Examine the nature of the civil liberty movement in India.

Write short note on the significance of Chipko Movement.

Critically analyze the environmentalist movement in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu.

Eco-feminism.

Critically examine the provisions made in the Constitution for the protection of Environment.

Examine the scope and limitations of women's movement in India.

The dilemmas of the human rights movements in India.

Compare and contrast Chipko Movement with Narmada Bachao Andolan.

Point out and comment on the historic importance of the document "Towards Equality (1974)", for women's movement in India.

Discuss the interpretive approach to the study of comparative politics.

What are the crucial functions of empirical political theory in Comparative Politics?

Discuss the main limitations of the comparative method to the study of Political Science.

Discuss the political economy approach to the comparative analysis of politics.

Discuss the subject matter of comparative politics. Outline the limitations of comparative political analysis.

Examine the significance of the comparative method in political analysis. Discuss its limitations.

Describe the changing nature of Comparative Politics. Briefly explain the Political Economy approach to the study of Comparative Politics.

Explain the Political-Sociological Approach in the field of comparative politics and discuss its limitations.

Critically examine the Marxist aspect of political economy approach to the study of comparative politics.

What are the major approaches of comparative politics? Explain in brief, the political economy approach to the study of comparative inquiry.

Discuss the political socialization of open and closed societies.

What are the distinctive features of the post-modern state in the advanced capitalist economies? Analyse.

What are the difficulties faced by a political theorist in comparing the States?

"The post-colonial state was thought of as an entity that stood outside and above society as an autonomous agency." Explain.

Is democracy promotion in developing countries a feasible idea?

Describe the changing nature of the State in the developing societies in the context of inclusive growth in the 21st century.

Discuss the changing nature of the modern state with reference to transnational actors.

Do you subscribe to a view that the modern constructs of the State and politics are pre-eminently Eurocentric and not indigenous and appropriate for the analysis of non-western societies?

A minimal State ensures maximum Individual Liberty. Examine the concept of Minimal State.

Of late, centrist and centre-left political parties have been facing setbacks while centre-right parties have been in ascendency the world over. Comment.

Critically examine the role of political parties in sustaining and stabilising democracies in the developing societies.

How does democratic politics construct citizenship?

How has electoral democracy augmented the participation of people in the democratic process?

Discuss the role of social movements in strengthening the democratic processes in developing societies.

"Political parties and pressure groups are sine qua non of democracy." Comment.

Explain the impact of electoral systems and cleavages in shaping party systems with reference to developing countries.

Has the increased participation of the underprivileged in the political process of the developing societies strengthened democracy or created political chaos and conflict? Comment.

Explain the reasons for low voter turnout in democratic countries with suitable examples.

Write an essay on New Social Movements in developing countries.

How big a role does identity play in determining political participation in developing countries? Discuss your answer with suitable illustrations.

Examine the LGBT movement in developed societies and how it is affecting the political participation in developing societies.

Comment on the decline of political parties and examine whether new social movements shall be an alternative strategy for establishing link between government and society.

Do interest groups help to promote democracy or to undermine it? Give your opinion.

What is the difference between Interest Groups and Pressure Groups? Are the Pressure Groups in India in a position to fully protect or promote the interest of their members?

The party system in India is neither western nor indigenous. Explain.

In what respect is the new social movement new in nature. Explain.

In the rise of social movements a sign of opening up of popular space in the political process or decline of representative politics. Examine.

Compare and contrast social movements in advanced industrial and developing societies.

Global South-sensitive model of globalization would prevent the danger emanating from overcentralized globalization. Discuss.

"Deglobalisation is displacing globalisation." Comment.

Critically examine the impact of Globalisation on the developing countries of the world.

What are the main challenges faced by the developing countries in the era of globalization?

What is globalization? Why is there an intense debate about globalization and its consequences?

Critically examine the impact of the process of globalization from the perspective of the countries of the Global South.

Critically examine Globalisation in the past 25 years from the perspectives of the Western world.

Discuss the impact of globalization on the internal functioning of the state.

How is that economic and non-liberal globalization is being interrogated from inside even in developed countries? What are the economic consequences of such globalization?

Is globalization essentially a process of 'universalization' of political modernity?

How do you explain the growing importance of multinational corporations (MNCs) and civil society in contemporary international politics?

What is a 'global village'? Elaborate its main characteristics and also the factors contributing to its growth.

Examine major principles of State centric world views.

Discuss the psychological approach to the study of comparative politics.

Neo-liberalism lightened neo-realism's dark view of international politics. Comment.

Explain the various facets of the idealist approach to the study of international relations. Comment on its contemporary relevance.

Explain the central tenets of the World-Systems Theory.

What do you mean by offensive and defensive realism?

In what ways does the functionalist approach in International relations help in maintaining peace and order in global politics?

What is the realist prescription to the States to ensure their survival in an anarchical world?

Discuss the commonalities between the Marxist and Realist approach to the study of International Politics.

"Marxist approach to the study of international relations has lost its relevance in the post-cold war era." Comment.

The modernization thesis asserts that affluence breeds stable democracy. How do you explain the success of India being the world's largest democracy as an exceptional case?

Discuss the emergence of neo-realism and its basic tenets.

What are the core assumptions of idealism as an approach to study International Relations? Explain its continuing relevance in peace building.

Explain the relevance of the Marxist approach in the context of globalization.

Bring out the major differences between the Classical Realism of Hans Morgenthau and the Neorealism of Kenneth Waltz.

Critically examine the Functionalist approach to the study of International Relations.

Is Realist Approach the best method to understand International Relations? Examine this in the context of Classical Realism.

Examine the World Systems Approach as developed by Immanuel Wallerstein.

Critically examine the functional and system approaches to the study of international relations.

Identify the major differences between the classical realism of Hans J. Morgenthau and the neorealism of Kenneth Waltz. Which approach is best suited for analyzing international relations after the Cold War?

"The Feminist approach to international politics is biased." Comment.

"Morton A Kaplan's system theory is contrary to the fundamental precepts of systems approach." Comment.

How does Marxist approach explain contemporary International Relations?

Write a note on Intellectual precursors of Realism.

'Building peace by pieces' is the basis of functionalism. Elaborate.

Explain the non-traditional security threats in the context of food and environmental crises.

Collective security and responsibility to protect (R2P) are similar but different in scope, goals and methods. Explain.

"The Gramscian theory of hegemony provides many valuable insights into the nature of global power." Comment.

National Interest is an essentially contested concept. Comment.

Discuss the conceptual dimensions of collective security.

What is 'complex interdependence'? Discuss the role of transnational actors in the international system.

Explain the concept of balance of power. What are the various techniques of maintaining balance of power?

Enumerate the challenges in the operation of the principles related to collective security in the UN Charter.

What, according to Joseph Nye, are the major sources of a country's soft power? Discuss its relevance in contemporary world politics.

Explain the instruments and methods devised for the promotion of national interest.

"The notion of balance of power is notoriously full of confusion." Do you think that the concept of balance of power is relevant?

Why does global human security need to be emphasized along with economic security? Explain with examples.

Discuss the main factors that have contributed to the gradual transformation of the world from 'Billiard Ball Model' to 'Cobweb Model'.

Critically assess the changing nature of the concept of national security.

Transnational actors have become driving forces of global politics. Elaborate.

'Collective Security and Collective Defense are the institutional and State mechanisms to sustain the domination of powers that are in International politics'. Elaborate.

'National Interests are Dynamic'. Identify the dynamic nature of National Interests in contemporary world politics with suitable examples.

Do you agree with the view that the USA uses NATO as a traditional tool of strategy to perpetuate its hegemony in the world?

The expansionist tendencies of the current Russian regime indicate its intentions for the realisation of a Greater Russia on the lines of the Soviet era. Comment.

Discuss the various constraints on American hegemony today. Which of these are likely to become more prominent in the future?

"During the Cold War, the Non-Aligned Movement tried to become a "Third force" in World Politics, but failed because it was too large and unwieldy." Discuss.

Discuss the relevance of the normative ethos of the Non-Aligned Movement in magnifying India's soft power in pursuit of her national interest.

The bipolar structure of the world is more stable than the multipolar one. Comment.

Critically examine the rise of People's Republic of China (PRC) as a great power and its implications on Asian Political order.

Critically examine the decline of the United States of America as a hegemon and its implications for the changing international political order.

Discuss the ways to strengthen the Non-aligned Movement (NAM) to enable it to address the challenges faced by the developing countries.

Critically analyze the implications of Sino-American strategic rivalry for the South and South-East Asian region.

Identify the benefits of a multi-polar world.

Write a brief note on the 17th NAM Summit in Venezuela.

Discuss the consequences of Trump's 'America First' and Xi's 'Chinese Dream' on World Politics.

Do you endorse the view that the end of Bipolarity and the rise of multiple regional organizations has made Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) more or less irrelevant?

"The development of advanced missile technology and nuclear threat by North Korea has challenged the American hegemony in South-East Asia." Evaluate.

Discuss the evolution of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons in the post-cold War period.

Examine in brief the rise and fall of the Cold War.

Discuss the positive and negative impacts of the Soviet Union's disintegration on developing nations.

Explain the socio-economic impacts of arms race and identify the obstacles in the way of disarmament.

Discuss the collapse of the Soviet Union and its impact on international politics.

"Ukraine crisis is a product of power politics and geo-politics." Comment.

Who was Mr. 'X' in international politics? Elaborate his approach to foreign policy.

Identify the challenges to American hegemony in the post Soviet world.

What does the pace of nuclear proliferation in the post Cold War suggest?

Trump's unilateral imposition of reciprocal tariffs on scores of countries poses an impending threat to the future of the rule-based multilateral global trading system under the WTO. What options do the WTO members have to salvage the organization?

Transnational actors have qualitatively transformed the world by the way of their fresh insights and actions. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples.

Latin America has made moderate success in countering the US-led global economic order by forming various organizations emphasizing regional sovereignty, economic integration and alternative development. Discuss.

The return of trade barriers and economic sanctions has diminished the spirit of GATT. Discuss the factors contributing to the decline of the WTO in recent times.

Why is the compromise reached at WTO regarding the Covid-19 vaccine manufacturing not a Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) waiver?

Identify and evaluate the reasons for deadlock in the WTO negotiations on fisheries between the developing and developed countries.

Critically evaluate the role of the United States of America in the World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement mechanism and its implications for the future of the WTO.

Explain the significance and importance of the demand raised by the developing countries for a New International Economic Order (NIEO). Are they likely to achieve their objectives of NIEO in the foreseeable future?

How are the rising powers challenging the USA and Western dominance in the IMF and the World Bank?

"Some feel Multinational Corporations (MNCs) are a vital new road to economic growth, whereas others feel they perpetuate underdevelopment." Discuss.

How has the development of Global capitalism changed the nature of socialist economies and developing societies?

"The IMF, World Bank, G-7, GATT and other structures are designed to serve the interests of TNCs, banks and investment firms in a new imperial age." Substantiate with examples of governance of the new world order.

Explain the concept of the North-South divide and suggest how structural inequalities between the high wage, high investment industrial North and low wage, low investment predominantly rural South can be reduced.

How far are the world governance mechanisms, dominated by the IMF and World Bank, legitimate and relevant? What measures do you suggest to improve their effectiveness in global governance?

Identify the major changes in the International Political economy in the post Cold War period.

Sketch the journey of global political economy from Washington consensus to the present.

The withdrawal of the United States of America from the World Health Organization is set to have far-reaching impacts on global health. Reimagining the existing WHO is vital for the global health agenda. Discuss.

What is the structure and functions of the International Court of Justice?

Discuss the structure and functions of the UN Security Council.

Describe the composition of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Discuss its voluntary jurisdiction.

What measures have been undertaken by the United Nations for its reforms?

Discuss the significance and urgency of the UN Security Council reforms. Explain the relevance of the reform proposals made by the UN Secretary General António Guterres for the developing countries.

Evaluate the role of the International Court of Justice in inter-State disputes.

In what way does the predominance of the USA in the UN funding affect its decision-making?

Discuss the relevance of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on the security of women in conflict zones.

Do you agree with the view that despite the limitations in the functioning of the UN, it has distinguished and unique achievements to its credit?

Do you endorse that the United Nations needs major changes in its structures and functioning? Suggest the changes for efficient improvements.

Has the reform of the economic and social arrangements of the United Nations been effective?

Do you agree that the U.N. has failed to contain transnational terrorism? Elaborate your answer with examples.

Argue a case for U.N. reform in the context of changing global milieu.

How successful has the 'ASEAN Plus Three' been in addressing regional problems? Support your answer with specific examples.

Do you agree with the view that the EU has thus far proved to be the most successful experiment in the regional integration processes? Account for its successes and also some of the recent challenges.

What were the limitations of NAFTA? How did its replacement by the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement counter them? Explain.

Account for the rise of the European Union as a highly influential regional organisation.

The Russian-Ukraine crisis has cast a dark shadow on the energy needs of the member states of the European Union (EU). Comment.

Explain the success of ASEAN as a regional organisation.

Critically analyze the role of ASEAN in the promotion of regional peace and security through economic cooperation and trade.

Evaluate the role of BIMSTEC in multi-sectoral technical and economic cooperation.

"Since its inception the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) has failed to deliver on its promises." What initiatives should be taken to reinvigorate the organization?

How has 'BREXIT' affected the regionalisation process initiated by the European Union and what could be its likely impacts in the regionalisation process of world politics?

American President Donald Trump's proposal to withdraw from NAFTA would bring unforeseen consequences to the regionalisation of world politics. Elaborate.

How does regionalism shape world politics? Explain with examples.

'The European Union has become the most politically influential, economically powerful and demographically diverse regional entity in the world.' Discuss.

"Despite so many agreed areas of cooperation, innumerable institutional mechanisms and a permanent secretariat, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) has not taken off as a meaningful regional grouping." Discuss.

Substantiate APEC as a regional economic and trade arrangement.

Give reasons for Regionalisation of world politics.

Comment on the Red Lipstick Movement in the context of feminist rights.

The world currently has been in the throes of a twin process of 'democratic backsliding' and 'democratic backlash'. How would you explain this paradox?

Discuss the major recent social movements related to the physical rights of women in various countries of the world.

The changing global order and ongoing regional conflicts, with the global powers taking sides, have jeopardised the progress made towards disarmament in the past. Comment.

Narrate the various ways in which rapid environmental degradation is posing a serious threat to human security. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples.

Discuss the efficacy of global conventions to combat international terrorism.

Discuss the five proposals made by India in the recent COP-26 conference held in Glasgow.

Analyze the contribution of liberal democratic principles in the democratization of Indian polity.

Examine the role of the United Nations Framework major efforts by the UN to address the convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and other global environmental crisis.

Discuss the utility of Nuclear Deterrence Theory in the context of the recent standoff between India and Pakistan.

Discuss the importance of personal data protection in the context of human rights.

Do you think that sustainable development goals are really attainable by 2030?

Discuss the implications of the Trump-Kim Singapore Summit on the prospects of denuclearisation of the Korean Peninsula.

Critically examine the notion of 'Asian Values' in the context of the on-going debates on human rights.

Would you agree that the on-going debates on international environmental politics continue to be marred by a new North-South ideological divide over historical responsibility and developmental model? Illustrate your answer with suitable examples.

Give an assessment of the Feminist critique of contemporary global issues.

The recent move of the USA to withdraw from the Paris climate Agreement is a setback in the consensus achieved on protecting the world environment. Assess the future perspective on climate control.

"A combination of internal pressures (ethnic and regional forces) and external threats (EU, UN, TNC, global market, etc) has produced what is commonly referred to as a crisis of the nation-state." Elaborate.

Examine the main problems and challenges involved in looking after environmental concerns in world politics.

The struggle for democracy has been marked by bitter strife and tribulations. Examine the statement, illustrating the cases of Pakistan, Nepal and Myanmar.

Discuss the theory of Nuclear Deterrence. Did Nuclear Deterrence prevent a superpower war?

What are the real objectives of Millennium Development Goals (MDG)?

Do you endorse that the conventional discourse on human rights has failed to include women's rights? Explain in the context of feminist theories.

Critically evaluate the approaches of the global south towards addressing environmental concerns.

"Global commons belong to global society and require global attention". Comment.

What roles do norms, taboos and epistemic communities play in the context of nuclear proliferation?

Identify the role and place of Gender in the global economy.

Compare and contrast Sino-India approaches to global Environmental concerns.

State the place of Gender Justice in the global political agenda.

Would you concur with the view that of late, India's foreign policy has been in a transition mode from Nehruvianism to Neoliberalism? Support your answer with the help of suitable examples.

What are the external determinants of the Foreign Policy of a State?

Explain the major features of India's Foreign Policy in the 21st century.

Critically examine the major factors responsible for the change in the trajectory of India's foreign policy after the Cold War.

Peaceful co-existence remains the cornerstone of India's foreign policy. Comment.

Discuss the role of public diplomacy in the enhancement of India's global standing.

Explain the philosophical foundations of India's foreign policy.

How do the constituent states influence the foreign policy making process in India?

Describe the structure and function of the National Security Council of India. What role does it play in the formulation of Indian foreign policy?

Examine the role of 'parliamentary diplomacy' in India's foreign policy.

Examine the increasing significance of maritime security in India's foreign policy.

"India is often said to have a rich strategic culture." Discuss.

Discuss the role of the Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) in promoting India's soft power abroad.

Do you agree with the view that the Indian Foreign Policy is increasingly being shaped by the Neoliberal outlook? Elaborate.

"India's current foreign policy marks significant qualitative shifts from that of the previous regimes." Discuss.

Examine the Indian National Movement and Geographical location of India as determinants of India's foreign policy.

Which determinant factors play an important role in making India's foreign policy? Illustrate with examples.

How does the Parliament determine and influence the making of India's foreign policy?

The social structure of a country influences its foreign policy-making. How does the social structure of India impact the course and direction of its foreign policy?

The Ministry of External Affairs is losing its importance in the making of India's foreign policy with the parallel rise of the P.M.O. Explain.

"Federal units are critical in the making of India's foreign policy." Examine this statement with reference to the role of West Bengal vis-à-vis Bangladesh.

Identify the elements of change in India's foreign policy.

'The economic content of India's foreign trade is increasingly growing'. Substantiate the statement with economic diplomatic engagements of India in the last decade.

Does the Non-Aligned Movement have any future in the wake of India's growing indifference towards it?

Non-Alignment 2.0 underscores India's unique aspiration to emerge as a site for an alternative universality. Comment.

"India has of late, chosen to debunk non-alignment in its pursuit of multi-alignment." Comment.

"Non-alignment was little more than a rational strategy on the part of a materially weak India to maximize its interests with a bipolar distribution of global power." Comment.

Compare and contrast Non-alignment 1.0 with Non-alignment 2.0.

Discuss the significance of the Non-Aligned Movement as a unique contribution of the Non-Western world to World Politics.

Comment on India's contribution to Non-Alignment Movement and its contemporary relevance.

'Non-Alignment' has been the basic principle of India's foreign policy since independence. Discuss its relevance in the contemporary context.

"India's policy of non-alignment has been guided by the genius of the Indian people and their interests." Explain.

Highlight the major features of Non-Alignment 2.0 document.

China's growing footprint and a tangible shift in power dynamics in Bangladesh has weakened India's leverage in Dhaka. Comment.

For India, a multipolar world order would also mean a multipolar Asia. Comment.

Discuss the potential role India can play in initiating a possible phase of trilateral economic engagement among India, China and Nepal.

Discuss the implications of the scrapping of the Free Movement Regime with Myanmar by the Indian Government on the complex ethno-political dynamics of the north-eastern region.

Discuss the future of SAARC in the light of India's increased focus on other regional groupings like ASEAN and BIMSTEC.

Despite deep ties, India's relations with Sri Lanka have seen strains due to China's growing influence in Sri Lanka through investments and economic dominance. Analyse.

Bhutan has historically been an ally of India, but the China-Bhutan border related issues have become a security issue for India. Discuss.

What are the reasons for lack of 'regionness' in South Asia?

Why do ethnic conflicts and insurgencies continue to remain major impediments to regional cooperation in South Asia?

How does the regime change and political crisis in Myanmar threaten regional security and peace?

Discuss the ways and means to realize greater economic co-operation among the Member States of South Asia.

What are the implications of the 'Look-East' Policy on the north-eastern region of India.

Discuss the steps required to realize 'hydro co-operation' between India and Bangladesh.

Discuss the consequences of illegal cross-border migration in India's north-eastern region.

Write a brief analysis of the ethnic conflicts and cross-border migrations along India-Myanmar and India-Bangladesh borders.

Discuss the strategic implications of India's 'Look East Policy' transforming into 'Act East Policy'.

Why is South Asia considered as the world's politically and economically least integrated region? Explain.

Discuss the future prospects of Indo-Nepal relations in the context of the recent publication of new Nepalese map wrongly claiming Indian territory.

Outline the reasons of low volume of trade in the SAARC region.

Analyze the impact of hydropolitics on Indo-Bangladesh relations.

How does cross border terrorism impede the achievements of peace and security in SouthAsia?

What are the current issues in Brahmaputra River water sharing between India and China?

Evaluate India's stand on the recent Rohingya refugee issue.

Analyze the significance of India's 'Look East Policy' in the light of concerns of the indigenous peoples of North-east India.

"The treaty of Perpetual Peace and Friendship between India and Bhutan needs to be revised with more pragmatic, realistic obligations and responsibilities." Comment.

What are the impediments of the developments of South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA)?

"Despite the difference between India and Pakistan on various issues, the Indus Water Treaty has stood the test of time." Discuss the recent developments over the issue.

Discuss the shift of India's foreign policy towards Pakistan in the light of the Pathankot incident.

What are the hopes and aspirations of the 'Look East Policy' of India? Explain.

"Sometimes we visualize that SAARC's efforts come to halt because of various impediments to regional cooperation." Elaborate with reasonable examples of impediments.

Identify the constraints challenges to the regional cooperation in South Asia.

Ethnic conflicts and insurgencies in North-East India can be better managed by improving relations with the neighboring countries. Substantiate the statement with suitable examples.

River water disputes are emerging as a major source of irritation between India and its neighbors. Identify the sources of conflicts and suggest the remedial measures.

Discuss some of the key drivers of India's new interests in Africa which might help in developing a long-term comparative advantage over China.

Discuss the potential role that India could play as the leader of the Global South in realising the goal of establishing a new international economic order in the 21st century.

"Nothing is going to move within the WTO negotiations unless India is on board." Discuss the main reasons behind India's increased clout in the WTO.

Discuss the major drivers of India's interests in Africa.

What diplomatic steps has India taken to articulate the interests of the Global South in International Politics?

Discuss the relevance of the demand for New International Economic Order (NIEO) in the present era of globalisation.

Identify the drivers of India's new interest in Africa.

Explain India's position on the waiver of intellectual property rights on COVID-19 vaccines in WTO.

How do the guiding principles of India-Africa relations seek to enhance harmony and mutual cooperation between India and Africa?

How is India pursuing her foreign policy objectives through the IBSA Dialogue Forum (India, Brazil and South Africa)?

India's coalitional diplomacy within the WTO has earned it wide appreciation. What accounts for the success of India's coalitional diplomacy?

"India's capacity building programmes under the Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) has earned much goodwill for it in Africa." Discuss.

Analyze the stalled progress of Doha Round of WTO negotiations over the differences between the developed and the developing countries.

Suggest measures so that India's partnership with Africa becomes a true symbol of South-South Cooperation, delivering clear-cut economic and political dividends to both sides of the equation.

Discuss the factors for the decline of India's presence in Latin America.

Sketch the leadership role of India in WTO negotiations.

"Trump's return to the White House is a jolt to push the European Union to invest in its own defence and economic and technological revival." Comment.

India continues to invoke its time-tested policy of strategic autonomy vis-à-vis both the United States of America and Russia by rejecting US' offer of mediation on the Kashmir issue and by refusing to criticize Russia in its ongoing war against Ukraine. Comment.

The tariff threats have pushed India and the European Union closer. Evaluate the India-EU partnership.

Historical ties between India and Japan grew into a 'special strategic and global partnership'. Comment.

"India and the USA have become such strong strategic partners that they need not become formal allies." Comment.

Does the idea of the 21st century as 'Asian century' continue to remain feasible given the growing friction between India and China?

Arms trade, economic ties and congruent geo-political interests are no longer the three pillars of India-Russia relationship in the emerging strategic context. Comment.

Explain the significance of Basic Exchange and Co-operation Agreement (BECA) for Indo-US strategic relations.

What are the main drivers of India-Japan Strategic and Global Partnership?

Explain India's relations with the European Union in the context of Brexit.

Examine the Geo-strategic points of contention in the bilateral relationship between India and China.

'Relations between India and Russia are rooted in history, mutual trust and mutually beneficial cooperation.' Discuss.

Explain the defense and foreign policy options of India to address the challenges emerging out of the current India-China standoff at the Line of Actual Control (LAC).

What are the notable features of the recently concluded Acquisition and Cross-Servicing Agreement (ACSA) between India and Japan? How is it likely to address the security concerns of India?

Discuss the significance of Indo-US strategic partnership and its implications for India's security and national defence.

Describe briefly China's 'One Belt One Road (OBOR)' Initiative and analyze India's major concerns.

Critically examine India's position on South China Sea Dispute.

Critically assess the evolving convergence of India and China in the areas of trade and environment.

Discuss the role of Indian diaspora in promoting Indo-US relations.

Do you agree that the growing assertiveness of China is leading to multilayered Indo-Japan relations? Comment.

How is the 'Belt and Road Initiative' of China going to affect India-China relationship?

The recent differences between India and Russia are the result of misconceptions rather than facts. Elucidate.

The natural behavior of India and the United States is likely to serve each other's interests. Hence, a deliberate strategy of dovetailing their efforts, will obviously benefit both. Elaborate.

Illustrate the main causes of tension between India and China. Suggest the possibilities of improving relationship.

Explain Britain's ouster from EU and bring out its consequences on world economy in general and India in particular.

Comment on India's growing relationship with the USA in the background of constrained relations between India and China.

Before the year 2000, the Indo-U.S. relationship has been marked more with estrangement than cordiality. Why?

"Economic interest has emerged as the main component of India's foreign policy." Discuss the statement in the light of India's initiatives to improve relations with China, Japan and the Central Asian republics.

"EU-India relations have a long way to go before they can purposely be termed strategic." Discuss.

Do you agree with the view that the USA is of late willing to treat India as a partner rather than merely a camp-follower? Give reasons for your answer.

Evaluate the recent changes in Indo-Japan relations.

Analyze the drivers of Indo-Russian relations in the post-Cold War era.

"Some of the major changes that occurred in India's foreign policy after the Sino-India war in 1962 were within the larger framework of continuity." Discuss.

Examine the recent developments in India-Japan relationship.

"India must strive to become a semi-permanent member of the UNSC, rather than a permanent member without the right to veto." Comment.

Discuss the importance of India's role in UN peacekeeping operations as a ground for its claim to a permanent seat in the UN Security Council.

Explain the factors which justify India's claim for a permanent seat at the UN security council.

Discuss the 'Sustainable Development Goals' as set by the United Nations.

Explain the importance of India's claim for a permanent seat in the UN Security Council.

Analyze the recent trends in India's role in the UN peacekeeping operations.

Discuss the various impediments in India's way to a permanent seat in the Security Council.

"India has been the largest and consistent country contributing to the UN peacekeepers worldwide." Examine India's role in this perspective.

'Uniting for Census' also known as 'Coffee Club' has opposed the claims of India and other countries over permanent membership of the UN Security Council. Point out their major objections.

Critically analyze China's role in international politics against India's demand for a permanent seat in UN Security Council.

The United Nations completes 70 years of its establishment. What reforms is India asking for to strengthen the global institutions of governance and why?

Is India's quest for a permanent seat in the Security Council a possibility or just a pipedream? Elaborate with reasons.

Evaluate India's participation in United Nations peace-keeping operations over the years.

Bring out the objectives of India seeking permanent seat in the Security Council.

India's reluctance to perceive any 'existential threat' inevitably made the multilateral path to nuclear security a 'default option' until it decided to cross the nuclear Rubicon in 1998. Identify and analyze some of the major reasons behind this shift in India's position on the nuclear question.

Critically examine India's persistent refusal to sign the nuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT) despite being recognized as a de facto nuclear power.

India's Nuclear policy is deeply influenced by its cultural beliefs and the pragmatic approach of its foreign policy. Discuss.

Discuss the reasons behind India's refusal to sign the nuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT).

Examine the evolution of India's role in the global nuclear order.

Discuss the efficacy of India's 'no first use' policy (nuclear weapons) in the context of the evolving strategic challenges from its neighbors.

Given the recent developments in the region, do you think that there is a need to change India's 'No First Use (NFU)' nuclear policy?

The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) has failed to achieve the ultimate objective of the Global Nuclear Department. Discuss the deficiency in the provision of NPT.

Critically analyze India's nuclear policy.

In 1998, India declared itself as a nuclear weapon state. India refuses to sign, NPT and CTBT. What would be the implications for India's nuclear-policy in case it signs both the treaties?

Discuss the grounds for India's opposition to NPT.

Is India's Nuclear doctrine a viable one?

Would you agree with the contention that India's inclination to lean on a 'more aggressive hyper-realist posture' has gained new momentum in the aftermath of the Pahalgam terrorist strike?

India maintains strong ties with countries that will assure a free and open Indo-Pacific and guarantee greater connectivity with the rest of the world. Analyze.

Critically analyze the different phases of India's foreign policy since independence. How justified, do you think, is S. Jaishankar's classification of the current phase as the phase of 'energetic diplomacy'?

Discuss the rationale behind replacing the 'Asia-Pacific' strategy with the new term 'Indo-Pacific' strategy.

Critically examine the continuity and change in India's Palestine policy in the wake of the ongoing Israel-Hamas War.

Discuss the significance of 'West Asia Quad' in the light of India's 'Look West' policy.

What are the challenges and limitations in India-Iran relations?

What steps has India taken to regain its foothold in Afghanistan since the Taliban has taken over the country in August 2021?

Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD) performs an important role in India's strategic balancing act to withstand the dominance of China in Asia. Discuss.

How does India-Israel bilateral ties reflect the autonomy of India's foreign policy choices?

Discuss India's vision of a New World order in the 21st century.

How does the recent takeover of Afghanistan by the Taliban impact India's strategic interests?

Write about the growing significance of QUAD.

"The war in Afghanistan is crucial from the point of view of India's national security. If the Americans withdraw and Jihadis emerge with a sense of triumphalism, India will face an increasing onslaught of terrorism." Comment.

Identify the key sectors of cooperation between India and Israel since 2014. Examine their significance in strengthening the bilateral ties between the two countries.

Critically examine the role of India in shaping the emerging world order.

How is India responding to the idea of Indo-Pacific?

"The growing closeness between India and Israel will strengthen the cause of Palestine." Comment.

Write a brief note on India's interests in West Asia.

Evaluate India's vision of a new world order.

How is the current standoff between the USA and Iran affecting India's energy security?

Do you think that India's capacity building role in Afghanistan has shrunk the strategic space for Pakistan there? Discuss.

Has the recent Indo-Israeli relationships given a new dynamic to India's stand on Palestinian's statehood?

Vision of a new world order has emerged as the major objective of India's foreign policy. Discuss the policy initiative taken by India in this regard and the challenges faced by it.

Discuss the realistic foreign policy initiatives taken by India to balance its relations between Israel and the Arab world.

Discuss the humanitarian role played by India in the crisis-stricken Gulf countries like Yemen and by India to balance its relations between Israel and the Arab world.